Moved to coffeeflavouredtea.net

Hello! I've moved my blog over to coffeeflavouredtea.net

It's Community Radio time!

The closing date for London FM community radio licence applications is tomorrow week, and we're head-long into it! We means London Chinese Radio.

They tell you, don't they, that you'll be working like crazy in the last week. "Ah-ha", thought I, "not us, we'll have have everything in place a few weeks before and just be checking and re-checking to be sure to be sure". As it turns out, we're still working on more parts of the application than we have put to bed. There have been some highs today, wrapping up some parts, and, still best of all, looking through the letters of support – there are dozens! People from here , there and everywhere taking the time to put together an email or a long letter, telling the world we're good and we're needed.

It's an astonishingly good feeling, to read through them – all these years of volunteering really are appreciated! So here's to the next few nights of midnight oil-being burnt, for the good of community, for the good of radio. Good.

Nova – Irish radio innovator

[Note: This is from a week ago – I've been looking into moving the blog into a new website, so haven't updated it properly. Here you go for now :-) ]

No, not the 1980s super-pirate, but the avant-garde music and sound art on Lyric FM. For two hours every Sunday night, the host Bernard Clark plays sounds that will stump you – a beep, dissonant strings, electronic music from haunting to house.The novelty of the show reminds us of the artistic breadth that sparkled in 1990s Ireland, when Irish minds returned from far, wide, and the heights of achievement too.

This week, Clark left the studios in Limerick and headed out to Skibbereen, a journey mirroring that of his guest, nature sound recordist Chris Watson. "I don’t regard myself as sound artist", says Watson in the most absorbing, soft Northern English accent you can imagine. "I'm a sound recordist". Our host sounds like he's wearing a black polo neck and possibly even a beret, and the guest is no Bill Oddie. Both are stirred by Watson's mixed recordings of birdcalls, mating displays, the swirling whirling hurling of the wind. But if you want to hear power in a sound, then Watson's recording of a glacier groaning and creaking – from the inside – is unmissable.

And if you want non-speech radio a bit different from the ceilidh music, operettas and chart toppers on the other RTÉ outlets, then Nova is unmissable too.
(Nova, Lyric FM, Sunday 21:00-23:00.)

PPI Winners 2009

An enjoyable morning (in London) looking up winning programmes from last night's PPI Radio Awards.
Here's a selection of the winners (full list here).

Also take a peek at the nominations.


A2: Music Programme – Specialist
Bronze – That’s Jazz (Radio Kerry)
Silver – FM 104’s Big Urban Mix (FM 104)
Winner – The Essential Rock Anthems with Ray & JP (Today FM)

A3: Breakfast Programme
Bronze – Dublin’s 98 Morning Crew (Dublin’s 98)
Silver – The Colm & Jim Jim Breakfast Show (RTÉ 2 FM)
Winner – The Red Rooster (Cork’s Red FM)

A4: Music Special
Bronze – The Kilfenora – 100 years – a Celebration (Clare FM)
Silver – Gerry’s Danny Boy (BBC Radio Ulster)
Winner – Tower Songs – a Song Cycle for Ballymun (Athena Media for RTÉ Lyric FM)

GROUP B – NEWS and SPORTS PROGRAMMING AWARDS
B1: News Story
Bronze – Stand UP and fight – a grieving father’s battle for justice (Limerick’s Live 95 fm)
Silver – The Day the Earth Moved (Radio Kerry)
Winner – Publication of the Ryan Report (RTÉ Radio 1)

B2: News Bulletin
Bronze – HIStory – Cork Remembers Michael Jackson (Cork’s Red FM)
Silver – News Bulletin (Clare FM)
Winner – Newstalk 106-108fm News Bulletin (Newstalk 106-108fm)

B3: News Programme
Bronze – Lunchtime with Eamon Keane (Newstalk 106-108fm)
Silver – Drivetime (RTÉ Radio 1)
Winner – News at One on RTÉ Radio 1 (RTÉ Radio 1)

B4: Current Affairs Programme
Bronze – Saturday Edition (Newstalk 106-108fm)
Silver – Kerry Today (Radio Kerry)
Winner – Today with Pat Kenny (RTÉ Radio 1)

GROUP C – SPEECH PROGRAMMING AWARDS

C1: Documentary / Feature
Bronze -The Cooneen Ghost ( Shannonside)
Silver – With These Hands – the Documentary on One (RTÉ Radio 1)
Winner – Through Cairo Airport (Colette Kinsella for RTÉ Choice)

C2: Short Feature
Bronze – People’s Parks of Dublin (Don Swift for Country Mix 106.8)
Silver – FM 104’s Real Life (FM 104)
Winner – Henry on a Mission – Moncrieff (Newstalk 106-108fm)

C3: Speech Driven Magazine Programme
Bronze – Tom Dunne (Newstalk 106-108fm)
Silver – The Morning Show (East Coast FM)
Winner – The Ray D’Arcy Show (Today FM)

C4: Drama
Bronze – War of the Worlds (KCLR96FM)
Silver -i102 -104’s Radio Killed the Video Star (i102-104)
Winner – Another Blooming Day (Zoe Comyns for Newstalk 106-108fm)

C5: Specialist Speech Programme

Bronze – The Business (RTÉ Radio)
Silver – iTalk on i102-104 (i102-104)
Winner Talking History (Newstalk 106-108fm)

GROUP D – GENERAL PROGRAMMING AWARDS

D1: Community/Social Action
Bronze – Dublin’s 98 Care for Kids Radiothon (Dublin’s 98)
Silver – Let’s Keep Dublin Working (Dublin’s Q102)
Winner – Tipperary Assaults – Liveline (RTÉ Radio 1)

D4: Entertainment Inserts
Bronze – Dr. Bill – Tom Dunne (Newstalk 106-108fm)
Silver – Dublin 98’s Morning Crew Comedy (Dublin’s 98)
Winner – Gift Grub – The Ian Dempsey Breakfast Show (Today FM)

D5: Innovation
Bronze The Emergency (The Colour Purple for Newstalk 106-108fm)
Silver – i102-104’s Radio Killed the Video Star (i102-104)
Winner – FM 104’S Castle of Terror (FM 104)

GROUP E – PERSONALITIES

E1: Music Broadcaster of the Year
Ray Foley (Today FM)
E2: Specialist Music Broadcaster of the Year
Donald Helme (RTÉ Lyric FM)
E3: News Broadcaster of the Year
Seán O’Rourke (RTÉ Radio 1)

E4: News Reporter of the Year
Cian McCormack (RTÉ Radio 1)
E6: Speech Broadcaster of the Year
Ryan Tubridy (RTÉ Radio 1)

GROUP F – STATION OF THE YEAR AWARDS

F1: Local Station Of The Year
WLR FM
F2: Music Station of the Year
FM 104
F3: Full Service Station of the Year
Newstalk 106-108 fm

Catherine

Good radio can happen with a few qualities: narrative, intellectual engagement, emotional breadth, sonic engagement…

Powerful radio can be just one person, telling a story that hardly varies in how gut-wrenching or sad it is. No better example, than the story of Catherine, yesterday afternoon. Newstalk, Moncrieff.

They cleared the boards for three segments of an interview by Catherine Sutton with a woman, using the pseudonym of Catherine, who was raped by her step father, and had five pregnancies by the age of 21. The nearest to respite was fleeing to New York and starting to use drugs, and the mention she now has a husband.

Listen here.

There are times when the story is difficult to follow. And after it all, you don't know what you could ever to do help. But you do know what you won't do, what you will look out for.

Simple, powerful radio, with a social purpose. The programmes on other stations at the same time, with whinging phone-ins or classic pop music – feeling sheepish?

Death Diminishes Me

Radio New Zealand's contribution to the annual Global Perspectives series is Death Diminishes Me, by Gareth Watkins.

The theme this year is islands – including Alert Bay from CBC's Outfront – and the islands in this superb documentary are the islands of isolation amidst other people. Gay men with HIV or AIDS in New Zealand.

This is how a documentary on HIV should be made – personal, painful, gut-wrenching, and with that engaging. Not fearfully presenting stories that drive people away. To be effective radio, a half-hour must keep people listening before it can move them. Death Diminishes Me does both of these, expertly.

The stories are "familiar" for a few reasons – they resonate with people in other parts of the world, and they speak to us like family or friends.

The production is gorgeous, with sounds emphasising settings, moods, and aspiration.

I lived in New Zealand for 10 months, but I hope and think that shouldn't make this doc speak any the closer to my ear than it inherently does.

Only at the end did I hear that the producer was Gareth Watkins – he engineered one of the three short docs I made there (and it's the best I've ever made, in no small part thanks to his skill), and he is a magician. I didn't realise he had become a full producer, but my it's a good thing.

Following on just a few weeks after the repeats of Thembi's Story to mark her living and her death, HIV and AIDS have been brought into the world's awareness again, in the personal way that only outstanding audio documentaries can.

Here's hoping – no let's make that assuming – Death Diminishes Me will win awards.

Stone Soup

So someone tweets about… you know which radio show, and you follow it round to her blog which suggests you lay off the blogging. For the reasons I have been struggling to blog.

Before Twitter bit me, I would post short entries here about a nice show I'd just heard. These days though, those go on Twitter, Facebook, or the lovely AudioDocumentary.org.

So, a compromise: a collection of links and impressions.

Shappi Talk on BBC Radio 4. Two episodes in and this stand-up and interview comedy with an audience about being a foreigner really hits the spot.

Outfront has finished on the CBC.

RTÉ have a new micro-site based round the Documentary on One. It looks fab. Though I admit I haven't faced into a DocOnOne for months now.

The BBC's Save Our Sounds project continues apace, with micro site, an audible world wide web, and two on-air docs. Definitely worth checking out.

RFI staff have suspended their strike, and it's great to hear the podcasts back in French – okay so I understand next to nothing but I have to try to keep it up! The English daily broadcasts didn't seem to be interrupted much.

Interesting podcast called Listen to Africa.

Apparently there was once a famous Irish broadcaster called Liam Nolan. I'll be honest I had never heard of this Today programme presenter.

Finally, by next month, I'll be in a permanent job – my first in six years in radio – at another of the stars of international broadcasting, WRN. I can't wait!

Radio Lab and the BBC

Sometimes, it's easy to see how Radio Lab has positively influenced BBC Radio 4. Take for example, the two part series presented by Dr Ben Goldacre, on the placebo effect, and Radio Lab's own.

Sometimes though, it would be really nice to see even a hint of Radio Lab's influence. Take this Analysis on Thought Experiments, which shares some content with Radio Lab's Morality show.

You know, the Analysis may have as much, or even more information. But how much of it sticks? Only the baking topic, which was mentioned three times throughout the programme.

Now, have a peep at the comments on Radio Lab episodes, and you'll see why Radio 4 feels it can't engage more than on part of the brain at once. I can't be arsed looking up any of the examples of people complaining at how the non-speech sounds distracted them and made them angry – there are some there. Now imagine how much more of that crap BBC Radio 4 gets. Too many older listeners, it is my opinion (and attitude), don't want radio to challenge them, they want it to reinforce they choices they've made in life so far. So, they chose to go through education and to save for their offspring to go to university and to look down on those who didn't and so… they like to learn new things. But only on their terms. Engagement, the fearful old people believe, should only happen though the writing. They don't feel free to let themselves go, to let the sound hit them in linguistic spots, musical spots, intellectual and instinctive spots.

And they are the people who own Radio 4. So that is that.

A few years back I had a discussion with creative producer (and Beeb employee) Martin Williams about how Radio 4 seems to lose the run of itself and carry lovely shows from Alan Hall's Falling Tree Productions that go sound and language hand-in-hand, often with sound taking the lead. Martin reckoned (as I remember it) that the Radio 4 commissioners and editors deep down wanted sound-rich pieces, yet didn't quite know it, and Alan Hall created that a space, showed it to them, and they agreed to let him fill it. My view was more that they knew him well, trusted him, and liked the awards that came with it, so left him to fill in day-time half hours.

And, um, now I've run out of steam. Let me give it some more thought.

Radio Academy Podcast

For a few weeks now I've been listening to the Radio Academy Podcast. It's a humdinger.

It's a proper podcast for radio peeps. The gusts are from across the, um, spectrum: commercial and Beeb, technical, production, management, regulation. The discussion is well informed and informative. Very groovy.

Wreck Diving in Ireland

I caught most of this programme this morning on RTE Radio 1 (audio here). It was a most pleasant surprise! It starts safely enough, but soon turns into a proper radio feature. Not ostentatious, yet very tasty. 

Simple music, filed recordings, maybe some FX, used to excellent effect with interviews informative, passionate, and poetic.

"Why are the best shows on Irish radio on early Saturday and Sunday mornings?" I asked myself – a repeat question that still stands. 

I was pleased at the end to hear Wreck Diving in Ireland was paid for by the BCI's Sound and Vision scheme, something which had passed me by until recently. 

The slot is called Private Passions, and is available as a podcast.

Review: The Emergency

I guess it's about time I reviewed The Emergency, broadcast on Newstalk on Saturdays at 11:30 in Ireland.

It's a half-hour satirical sketch show, that has had TV adverts and reviews in the mainstream press. The title refers to the Irish government's official term for World War II; and for the current economic mess.

The direct combining of the two themes probably leads to the weakest sketches. The sense I've gotten is that people are tuning in for satire towards today's politicians, and while they are plenty intelligent to understand what's going on, they'd rather just laugh at Sweary Mary, the unlovable minister for finance, and Brian Cowan going forward.

It also raises the possible accusation of that thing you should never do – comparing someone to the Nazis.

But the strong characterisations of today's politicians give every episode belly laughs. Good!

The most popular part of the show, at least with people old enough to remember the original, is the regular Dev stings – a WWII air raid siren sounds and Dev (I'm told it's an excellent reproduction) sentences the nation to certain behaviour "during the emergency".

This is often greeted with delight by older listeners who don't appreciate the cultural references, to films like Apocalypse Now. When I say "appreciate", I mean "laugh at". The most impressive cultural references are the songs. So far they have had a perfect hit-rate, which is little short of a miracle when it comes to comedy songs. Some of these parodies could just as well be sung by the original performer, they sound great – as does the whole show. Yes, there's excellent audio engineering on it to boot!

As well as their own website linked above, check out the promotional media and the podcast feed on Newstalk.ie

Awesome sounds of radio (astronomy)

If you're anything like me, you'll be fascinated, and maybe a little bit fearful, of radio astronomy. At first the big dishes make it seem so inaccessible, yet somehow understandable – that big collector bounces so much of those faint, well-travelled signals, to make the audible. After that though, you're left mystified. What's the next bit of the chain? How and what do you listen to?

The more you read up, indeed the more you just listen to the radio, you learn it can be on familiar territory. Jupiter can be heard around 20 MHz – that's shortwave, any old radio can tune there!

And then there's meteor showers. A smear of a distant TV channel, or a snatch of FM radio from the other side of the continent, is at times because (as I understand it) the signals are twisted by the fuzz of ionisation surrounding a meteor as it dashes through the earth's atmosphere at some point in between and above you and that radio station.

But radio astronomers, professional and amateur, can do something more structured.

Have a look at what this guy, Thomas Ashcroft does. This recording is of one of the most well known meteor showers, Geminids, at VHF, and it is compelling. Trust me, this is awesome.

There are two channels of audio, about 20MHz apart, recorded in the narrowest of modes, CW (that's how you get Morse code), and yet they interact.

Poke around that website, there's lots of good stuff – binaural representations of electromagnetic radiation. He also has receivers recording 300KHz apart around 21MHz for Jupiter, and VLF and ELF – that's 0 - 20 KHz.

Review: Roberts Robi DAB/FM adaptor for iPod

I've been trying out an iPod remote control that includes a DAB digital radio and RDS FM radio. It's the Roberts Robi.

I like the Robi. It gives fast, solid DAB and FM reception. On DAB, you can only see the station name, no other text services. It tunes between stations very quickly – using the up and down buttons to scroll through, it changes instantaneously. Note though that I have only used it in Dublin, where there is only one DAB multiplex. The Robi may take a bit longer to tune to different transmitters.

On FM, the RDS is quick and the reception is solid.

For both DAB and FM, the Roberts Robi annihilates the Pure PocketDAB 2000 I've had so much grief from – and what that had an SD socket for playing mp3s, this has your whole iPod!

The size of the Robi is just right, the controls are easy to use, and the cable is a useful length.

Mobile phone pic on the bus:

The negatives:

• the switches are easy to accidentally knock, if you put it in our pocket without hold on: this is an issue if you are in a rainy climate and like to retune or adjust the volume a lot – like me!
• DAB mode drains the iPod battery at a rate of knots. You'll get one afternoon around town, going between iPod, FM and DAB, on a full charge.
• The white cable – maybe this could be black? Most iPods and headphones sold are black or encased in black these days, so the cable seems to draw unnecessary attention.

Other than that, I'm very happy with the Robi. Far happier than my brother was when I gave it to him for Christmas, but hey he returned the favour with a hideous clothes store voucher so all is balanced – we do give the presents we'd like for ourselves, don't we?

Sierra Leone – political radio, UN radio, keeping it under control

This from the current Listening Post on Al Jazeera English

Outfront has been canned.

The CBC has decided to axe Outfront. 

Canada's public state broadcaster has to make huge budget cuts, and Outfront is one of the victims.

In the age of User Generated Content, the CBC thinks it's a reasonable idea to stop a programme that gives professional radio equipment and training to people outside the profession. Outfront gives proper training and production help. The result is strong story-telling that combined a clear documentary, social and historical achievement with engaging, creative radio. 

And it's won a ton of awards. I've only written a couple of reviews, because it is so consistently good, I didn't want to seem like I was just constantly praising one pet show. I won't make that mistake again…

Outfront's daily slot is both a strength and weakness: being there for listeners without their having to figure out the day, or check their watches, or schedule their day around a sot on the dial… doing any less almost seems like putting a mill-stone around a programme's neck, especially one without a regular host to – pun intended– anchor it. 

But being there day in day out also necessitates repeats, weakening the apparent value. 

From this standpoint, it should be obvious that reducing Outfront to one day a week would free up 15 minutes for more affordable music or phone-in sequences; cut the number of admin/assistance hours needed for automation, compliance, etc; and probably leave a few people out of a job. 

A huge saving? Not really. You'd save more money by dropping the whole show. 

But the other costs of axing Outfront outweigh the financial savings. 

I know cuts really can be tough for management as well as the production teams. But on this on, seriously, please, think again.

看中國電影了

今天晚上在布魯塞爾Flagey看了《二十四城記》。好久沒有看中國電影了，大概3年左右，今晚看感覺很精彩。《二十四城記》講故事的方式很有意思，是半紀錄片，半演的戲，而且兩個格式混用，有的很難分別。我認為這是對中國電視格式的反應，再加上典型角色又被模仿，又被張開，至少可以說是給中國電視新聞和實施專題報道習慣做個評價。

映完後，陪著兩個同事和她三個相識一起去隔壁的Belga喝一杯。其中一個在電影院工作，我們三四個人談的很痛快。在回家的路上，心情好得我都想跳，甚至高高興興地跑十來米，腦子好像突然重哲血似地。就這兩天，創意感在我的心又開始露面，這過城由《二十四城記》這部電影催進了很多。在快要離開比利時的時祭，一邊戀愛在非洲的女孩，一邊喜歡周圍有魅力的東西，有魅力的文化，有魅力的人。:-)

India.Arie Part 3 – on NPR

So there is a neat follow to my previous two posts on this – India.Arie has done a live session on NPR's Weekend Edition, on International Women's day. And that interview and songs brought a lot together. 

First off, the language from host and guest was entirely public radio. And it was effective – enhanced yes by the voices of both people (I'm not a fan of "radio voices", but in a soul singer I guess it's a more than acceptable attribute) – listen to Ghetto. The lyrics could be from a radio report, a really good US public radio report. 

So there is the influence and the shared language, as much as the shared aspirations. Good job all round.

Doing my bit

The v funny BBC Radio 4 Today video – voilá:

Well deserving too coz it's funny!

More on Pearls and speech radio.

I've had some comments on that post from Françoise, the friend and huge India.Arie fan who introduced me to the song in the first place. She's allowed me use her comments here, and so I can make some more points about radio. Yay!

First off, the song is a cover, of one originally sung by Sade. Françoise points out "I also think this song is completely one that could have been written by her, and totally fits in the "politics" side of this album (along with songs like "Better way" and the great "Ghetto")"

Françoise says something I tried to say in the first post, only she says it, you know, clearly: "I also think the new shoes are more than a constrasting parallel for the pearls, knowing that the pearls she's looking for are meant for the same Western chicks whose shoes hurt (and that includes me, I know)"

Yep, I could have expanded on the meaning of contrasting parallel, but there's no need to now coz it's written just up there.

She points out how the song brings to mind this poster by Amnesty International.

"I really love what you say about how you can find a different meaning to the song each time you listen to it while a radio show is most of the time very poor (just delivering factual information) - that's why I loved… On est où là on RFI. I totally agree that radio is one of the most frustrating medium on earth for that!"

I generally agree, that the news bias of radio is more a weakness than a strength – while the general acceptance of it as a news medium keep a certain amount of funding coming into radio, it also plays a part in under-seling it. No radio programme will get the production or promotion budget of a Hollywood movie (nor the awards), but if you have a choice you can be as well entertained, enlightened or transformed in an hour at home – for free – than €10 worth of a trip to the cinema. Because, radio is for news and traffic, right?

Referencing: Towards the end, there are some vocals not in English. This is where I think of the typical Africa story on public radio – narrator-heavy stuff, that, frankly, switches me off. Does India.Aries' African ancestry change that? As a listener, hearing it once, not sure either way.

"These lines are really... Perplexing. First because I'm not sure I get why those "vocals not in English" make you think of the typical Africa story on the radio - rather than the lyrics of the song. By the way it's by Ivorian singer Dobet Gnahore, which I think is important because India makes a song on Africa that sounds African - the whole song's chords sound African actually. Please don't link this to India's African ancestry. Too much of a shortcut."

Exactly – does the performer (be it singer or host) being African-American mean their dealing with Africa in their work is more fair or accurate than someone else's? It's worth noting here that India.Arie has visited Africa, which is more than I have. But to go into more detail about my original post: So many radio pieces about Africa are narrator-driven, with the (usually white) reporter telling you pretty much everything, over a general sound bed of the events concerned. Interviewees are put to air far less than in other stories. The producer's line is probably a simple, mechanical radio one: the accent is too hard to understand on the radio.

Isn't that just patronising?

Well, once in a while one gets thorough, and suddenly, the feature's shows that have the values, the interest and the money to cover Africa, start getting kudos from features shows. Here's a recent and very good example: The Mender of Broken Hearts.

Back to the staid old model. Is it any different from how, towards the end, something obviously African briefly appears?

One reason why I am less qualified to have an opinion here is simply how it is a piece of music, and, I am ever happy to admit, I am not 100% on the vocabulary of music. Still, I wouldn't do it.

It's taken me days to finally sit down and write this, and so, I feel like I've left something out. Typical!

Update: Some very similar topics are being raised in photojournalism, at the duckrabbit blog. Simple, good points.

India.Arie teaching Public Radio

Have a listen to the song in the YouTube clip below. Its called Pearls, and it's from the new album by the American singer India.Arie. Listen to the lyrics. And tell me if you have ever heard an American pubic radio show tackle those sort of issues, in those ways.

It would be difficult, but not impossible, for a typical or famous public radio host, I think, to open a link or report like that, There is a woman in Somalia, scraping for pearls by the roadside. There is a force stronger than nature, keeps her will alive. 

Certainly some of what follows is not unknown to our medium and its formats.

But then:

And it hurts like brand new shoes.

Any public radio host would have to apologise in advance for perhaps offending his listeners – I don't think a female host would feel able to us that analogy at all, fearing or feeling too superficial, girly, urbane.

Yes, it brings it home to something everyone can associate with, but doesn't that mean it belittles her suffering? After all, she's off in Africa, her suffering must be far beyond just a new pair of shoes. 

Really?

She's dying to survive. 

For pearls. Now combined with the musical elements, I don't think it's immediately apparent how the message moves. The radio producer, knowing the need for it to be simple to be understood in one listening, will cut the story down. The message moves on from the staid image – a woman in Africa suffering – to a calm celebration of the survival. 

The brand new shoes are contrasting parallels for the pearls, of course. And the imagery is superb.  

As speech radio producers there's a lot we can learn from this song. 

Towards the end, there are some vocals not in English. This is where I think of the typical Africa story on public radio – narrator-heavy stuff, that, frankly, switches me off. Does India.Aries' African ancestry change that? As a listener, hearing it once, not sure either way.

Now my conventional musical vocabulary is limited – I'm comfortably limited to this radio-centric arc – so I know I may have missed some obvious progressions and interpretations. I've listened to the song a dozen or more times – but there are so few 4 minute radio pieces I've heard that often. On the other hand, my interpretation has changed a lot, while with the radio item, at least most of the meaning has to get you first time. Rarely will I listen to an item more than three times, and yes you catch different things each time. On occasion the impact is much less on the second listen, and that would mean a superb traditional radio item. That is not always the case, often as a shortfall in our skill, of course, but increasingly by design. It takes a lot of self-belief to think people will re-listen to a whole hour-long show on their iPod just to get your repeatable report, but I think the people who are conscious of it, are doing work worthy of it. 

I am leaving quite a few loose ends here: please comment!

Finally, if you're at all familiar with my blog or my listening, you'll know what show I have been itching to mention here, but out of self-discipline, I'll hold it in ;-)